Asbestos Explained: Types, Risks & How to Recognize Them

Technically, Asbestos is a group of six fibrous silicate minerals made of thin, fibrous crystals.

Their unique set of properties has led to widespread asbestos use in a variety of commercial products. The asbestos fibers are heat-resistant, chemical-resistant, and very strong. But when you disturb them, for example, when any ACM is broken or damaged, these fibers spread into the air and are inhaled. Once inside the lungs, they can cause serious illnesses over time.

The six different types of asbestos are divided into two groups- Serpentine and Amphibole.

1. Chrysotile

Chrysotile is a white asbestos that constitutes 95% of all asbestos use worldwide. It is also used extensively in U.S. buildings. Chrysotile is a serpentine mineral and has different characteristics from most other asbestos, which are amphibole minerals. According to several studies, it’s the main cause of mesothelioma and lung cancer. However, it is still less risky than other types of asbestos, like Crocidolite.

Identification- Chrysotile fibers are fine, curly, and white, but it’s difficult to identify them visually, so lab testing is required. It’s mostly used in ceiling tiles, roof shingles, brake pads, pipe insulation, and flooring.

2. Amosite

Amosite, also known as brown asbestos, is the second most commonly used asbestos in the U.S. It is associated with the Amphibole Group. Amosite is known for its heat resistance and strength and is therefore used in many workplaces, but it is also associated with a serious cancer hazard. 

Identification- These brown asbestos fibers are straight and needle-like and are considered more dangerous than chrysotile because of their brittle nature and ease of becoming airborne. Amosite is mostly used in cement sheets, insulation boards, fire protection materials, and roofing materials. 

3. Crocidolite 

Crocidolite, also known as blue asbestos, is the most hazardous type of asbestos because of its thin, sharp fibers, which can be easily inhaled. It is associated with the Amphibole Group.

Identification-  Crocidolite has a bluish hue and sharp, needle-like fibers and is commonly found in high-temperature insulation, cement products, and spray-on coatings.

4. Tremolite

Tremolite is not commercially used but is often found as a contaminant in other minerals like talc or vermiculite. Inhalation of asbestiform tremolite may contribute to an increased incidence of mesothelioma.

Identification- Termolite ranges in color (white to green) and, like other amphiboles, has sharp, needle-like fibers. You may find it in paints, sealants, plumbing installations, and cosmetic products.

5. Actinolite

Actinolite is very rare and not used commercially, but it may appear in construction materials as a contaminant.

Identification- It can be found in drywall, paints, sealants, and insulation materials.

6. Anthophyllite

Like actinolite, anthophyllite is not commonly used in products but may be present in talc-based items or insulation materials.

Identification- It has a gray-brown appearance with long, thin fibers.

Worried About Asbestos? Call JM Environmental and Contact Us Today